I gotta admit, when I see a pair of worn iron gates…

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…what looks like an abandoned property in the distance…

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…and the side entrance slightly ajar…

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…ancient, rusted-over NO TRESPASSING signs might as well say ENTER HERE.

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What I didn’t realize is that these gates surround a massive, 600 acre insane asylum from the 1920’s – and nearly all of it abandoned.

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(huge pan – click for larger sizes!)

This is the Rockland County Psychiatric Center, built in 1927, and “sprawling” does not do it justice. Here’s the facility in its heyday, and yes, that’s its own power plant in the distance:

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At its peak year in 1959, Rockland Psychiatric had 9,000 residents and a staff of 2,000. Today, most of the facility is empty, left to decay as roots and vines slowly overtake it.

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Rockland Psych is one of the most amazing places I’ve ever visited in New York, if for no better reason than it set my imagination firing like crazy.

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Though the buildings may be boarded up, the place is heavy with history, and you can feel it in the air.

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Visiting Rockland Psych is also like taking a trip back in time, as so wonderfully little has changed. Even little details, like these awesome street lights…

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…made me feel I should be driving an old jalopy to pick up my buddy Norman Bates from his weekly session.

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Very few places I’ve been to have offered such an all-encompassing out-of-time experience as simply driving down this long, snow-covered road past boarded up buildings:

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(huge pan – click for larger sizes!)

I couldn’t stop thinking of questions: how many thousands of patients had passed through Rockland Psych during its operation?

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How many had been subjected to primitive, often barbaric treatments like electroshock and lobotomization, both of which were employed at Rockland as “state-of-the-art”?

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And man did it set the mood when I climbed up on this heavily gated porch and peered through a window into a shadowy room…

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…and saw this on a chalk board:

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Please don’t think I’m giving this property a hard time – the architecture is absolutely gorgeous, and it’s only the disrepair and neglect that gives it that haunting feeling. And enjoy it while you can…

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It seems that Orangeburg has basically agreed to tear a massive amount of it down in favor of senior citizen condos…

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…as seen in this lovely picture below, which I’m sure absolutely mimics the reality of the project (does anyone else get the feeling The Smurfs are about to walk into the frame?):

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I’m not going to get into what a loss this would be in terms of both history and craftsmanship. I get way too passionate about these things when it seems like so few care – hell, I couldn’t even find a mention of the demolition on the Rockland County Historical Society website (though if I missed it, please point me in the right direction).

Instead, I’ll just take you on a tour of what I had the pleasure of seeing.

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(huge pan – click for larger sizes!)

The Rockland complex literally has secrets at every corner waiting to be discovered…

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Not only is this window-lined hallway fascinating in itself…

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…Later, while processing the pictures in Photoshop, I noticed something amazing: hidden in the shadows along the upper walls are these hand-painted scenes from NY history:

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Another, showing Henry Hudson’s Half Moon ship:

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More windows, and a forgotten pirate hat:

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Many of the ends of buildings have little pavilions. Seems pleasant, until you notice the heavy bars preventing escape (note the little trap door for deliveries on the right):

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More barred windows. You weren’t going anywhere…

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A forgotten table:

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Judging by the wall art, I’m guessing this was a school at one point:

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Not many remain, but I love the gold and brown carved signs around the complex, which remind me of the National Parks motif:

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As you can see in these satellite pictures, the buildings are all constructed in very interesting patterns…

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Another:

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Many of the buildings in the north-east corner meet in a cross, which seems to me like a ton of space for hallways:

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But space was clearly a luxury here, and the windows must have really opened the place up, especially for patients who weren’t allowed out much:

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A door that hasn’t been opened in some time, judging by the trees that have grown in front of it:

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As you make your way to complex’s center, the buildings feel more austere, as if this is where the real treatment took place:

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Many of the buildings have beautiful terra cotta entrances…

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…which I’m sure the town is going to recycle when they tear this all down:

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Inside, lots of chipped paint. I love the enormous wooden glassed door:

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Another room, with chipped paint in the way that Hollywood loves to fake in all of its run down asylums. Note the plaid curtains on the rear window:

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Another building:

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Love this fire escape…

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…Especially when you get up close:

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I suppose it was a better sign if you were put in this ward…

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…as opposed to this one:

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I thought this was incredibly cool too: this building (which feels like a dorm to me) is U-shaped, and if you look into the middle…

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…you’ll see  what has to be one of the coolest parking spots in New York, lined on both sides with 30 foot trees:

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Another beautiful building:

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The stairway:

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Nearby is the classroom with the “I’m Scared” chalkboard…

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I love the whimsical eyeglasses-wearing mouse…

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…and these other animals…

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…which include probably the most psychotic looking bear I’ve ever seen (those rabbits are a little creepy too).

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Haha, that bear makes me laugh every time I see it. Look at it again! Hee hee…

Another arched building nearby…

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…has an awesome pair of doors (“yes, we’d like the triangle wedge design, please”):

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Inside, more ruins (though the wood-paneling looks like it was purchased yesterday!):

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Does someone out there knows what this device does (I’m guessing sterilization)?

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A pool table:

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Think you’re done? No one gets out of Rockland Psychiatric that fast! CLICK HERE FOR PART 2 OF THE TOUR!

Also, if you grew up in the area, I’d love to know any legends you used to hear about the place as a kid!

-SCOUT

PS: More Rockland Psychiatric Center history here!

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  1. john Avatar
    john

    I had a friend willam rivera did any one here from him.

    1. Theresa Avatar
      Theresa

      I knew an Alex Rivera there in high rise

  2. kf Avatar
    kf

    Found some written material to include a death certificate for my mothers paternal grandmother who died at this hospital. The stated cause was pneumonia and additional info provided included simple senility and some dementia psychosis. I wanted to look up the facility because I seemed so far away for someone from uptown Manhattan, and I think I was hoping she was in some suburban utopia far from the city’s rat race. I guess I’m correct in a way but reading some of the stories makes me wonder if she had the serenity, love and care that 89year olds deserve. The consolation is that she was only there for 5months before her passing so regardless of whether her death was completely natural or sped up by perhaps the lack of care or otherwise, it wasn’t a long haul for her. The most curious thing of all was finding the wire to my grandfather notifying about her death as well as notifying him that he needed to sign a consent to have her body used for scientific research…wth?! Not a request for consent but rather a demand that before you claim the body you have to sign this. My grandfather was pretty savvy, so I’d like to think he didn’t but then again, when people come at you from a position of supposed authority…you never know. May she rest in peace.

  3. Tony Tallman Avatar
    Tony Tallman

    My grandmother Mary Tallman worked at Rockland thru the 1950″s and 60’s, as a child growing up around her I was petrified of her, I felt soory for the patients she took care of, if the late 50’s she married Harry Edmand who also worked there for over 30 years, he was treated so bad by her, he was the nicest and considerate person to me and my brother but in 1966 not being able to take her abuse any more he when down in his basement one evening and hung himself.
    Not good memories at all of that place, just going with my dad to pick her up at night remembering the sounds echoing out of there was bone chilling I’ll never forget, she would threaten me that she’d put me in there if I didnt behave, no wonder I used all my life. They should tear it down or have it blessed to release lingering spirits, god bless the souls that passed thru those doors.

  4. JR Avatar
    JR

    I currently work at RPC, and I usually spend my lunch breaks wandering around the campus and checking out all the abandoned buildings. In addition to the hospital buildings, there’s what looks like abandoned houses and apartments on the south side of the campus just outside of the gates. There is even what looks like an old abandoned mansion with a detached garage. Almost all the abandoned buildings have “Danger! Asbestos!” signs on them. Although RPC is has a number of new modern buildings and is certainly still functioning, most of the campus is a ghost town. It’s mind-blowing to read about what used to happen there and what it used to be like.

    1. Theresa Avatar
      Theresa

      Sometimes the older buildings have gas leaks which go unreported as well, yet the smell is blatant.
      There are asbestos dangers as well. One would need a gas mask potentially.

  5. Tom Moore Avatar
    Tom Moore

    Does anyone know if this is where Louise Avedon (sister of fashion/portrait photographer Richard Avedon) was confined when she died in 1968? She was only 41 at the time and I am wondering if her death was by suicide or something else. I believe she’d been diagnosed with schizophrenia, a condition that began manifesting itself in her late teens. She may have been committed there around 1949-50.

  6. betsy schnebli Avatar
    betsy schnebli

    WOW, what memories! Besides my brother and girlfriend working there for many years, do you remember the #20 bus trip right thru it on its way to and from Nanuet? Such beautiful structures, all hand built by prisoners of war as I understand it! I remember my brother telling me about the spooky tunnels underneath the complex – yes tunnels so one would not have to walk through the snow from building to building. Have you ventured into those? It would be a crime to destroy such history!!! I think restoration is in order – maybe condo’s but do not plow down the structures!!

  7. Amy Shechtman Avatar
    Amy Shechtman

    I used to take the bus to the Nanuet mall to go to work when I was in high school (late 70’s). The bus stopped at the Psychiatric Center, and there used to be a young man that got on with his mother and had to sit in a particular seat…if someone was in that seat he would get very agitated and the person would have to move. The mother was always very gracious and thankful to whoever moved. We always used to warn people who sat in that seat that it was “his” seat and they were going to have to move!

  8. Sarah Sloane Avatar
    Sarah Sloane

    These photos trigger for me a series of flashbacks to when I was around 6 years old to 12 years old, about 1963-1969, visiting what we kids all called “Rockland State.” Our Sunday School class went out there about once every two weeks or once a month to play with children our own ages. I don’t remember much success to these encounters, except, perhaps, to open our young eyes to what differences of life experiences there can be, even at our young age. These kids were locked behind giant metal doors where we would have to wait to be let in or let out. For the hour or two that we were there, we were supposed to make friends with the children, show an interest in their coloring or other work, and make them feel more loved and secure. I think I felt smug and probably , without intent, condescended. I remember one little girl in particular who was mute because of some tragedy that had happened with her mother. I think she was African-American, and she would always just sit silently by herself. Once or twice over the year I would go sit next to her, but rather than concentrating on her needs, and paying attention to any sign of what she might want, I was self-centeredly focused on whether I could make the child talk. It makes me cringe today. We also brought in books and sang a Christian song, and did a puppet show with a white sheet for the stage.

    There were also persistent rumors in all our schools about what had happaned when the inmates “escaped,” and our typical “urban legends” had a high number of ones focused on what happened when a mother or teenager ran into an “escapee” in her basement or the back of her car. One family I was friends with had a backyard that backed right up against Rockland State, and when we had sleepovers there, we always would work ourselves into a frenzy of fear that someone was going to come get us. We were experiencing that level of high-alert terror that groups of teenage girls can work themselves up to. I don’t know how much danger we ever were really in, although we felt we were. Finally, my last memory related to this time, again between when I was about six years old to about 12, is the reality that our principal’s voice would sometimes come over the loudspeaker, at an odd times, his or her voice serious and authoritative. And especially at William O. Schaeffer School, the principal would plain out say that five inmates form Rockland State Psychiatric Hospital have escaped, and parents were being called to pick up their children, if possible. If we had to walk home from school, be sure to go in a large group. And they recommended against the woods that many of us took the trails through because it was shorter to get to our homes that way. Even at the time, it didn’t feel like a great fear; it felt more like a reheased fear or as if I were rehearsing for some role.

    Best of luck to everyone! Did Nick Carr actually write “I’m scared” on that blackboard? Inquiring (and suspicious) minds wat to know.

    Thanks and Best wishes,
    Sarah

  9. CM Avatar
    CM

    I worked there for 37 years.

  10. Henk van Setten Avatar

    Used one of your striking deserted-building photos (with footnote reference and source link to this page) in a History of Mental Health post about Rockland State Hospital psychopharmacologist Nathan Kline. Post is scheduled to appear tomorrow, March 22 (Kline’s birthday was March 22, 1916).
    Best regards, Henk van Setten

  11. Reina Avatar
    Reina

    The grounds have really changed since back in the day, the way most of us remember it from decades ago.
    The Nathan Kline Institute is on the grounds, that is where they do testing. It’s easy to sucker patients into volunteering for $50 a week to test various medications and such.
    Nathan Kline was involved with MKUltra, remember. Scary to think about that.
    How many people were programmed at Rockland State? They had a mold for you to fit. If you didn’t fit that mold, you don’t get out of there.
    For those who were truly severe, they wouldn’t stand a chance, it’s depressing.

  12. sharon Avatar
    sharon

    My father was a psychiatric nurse there from the late 70’s until the late 90’s. When I was young, around 9, I would go pick my dad up. I would have to go to the door to knock. The door was steel and the knocker was big. It would echo through the cold halls. They orderly would let me in, going its Joe’s girl. i remember being so scared walking to the nurses station. My dad worked with some of the really insane.even though the patients were behind big metal doors and bars, i can still remember the cold hollow feeling of being there. really a scary place. When we got older we would bet friends who could drive through there at night. It was a small city which was quit beautiful.

  13. Veritas Avatar
    Veritas

    A greta photo essay, but just one note about Orangetown tearing it down. As beautuiful as that Architecture is, the buildings are full of asbestos. That is why they have to come down and also why it is taking so long for it to happen

  14. Ted Avatar
    Ted

    Had an older cousin named Fearn Newman who was a resident of the hospital for some time–40’s, 50’s, and maybe 60’s (not sure when she died). I know it’s a very very very long shot, but just seeing if her name is familiar to anyone.

    1. Debbie Avatar
      Debbie

      I think my mom knows her

  15. Anonymous ex-Rockland County resident Avatar
    Anonymous ex-Rockland County resident

    The bastards at Summit Children’s Residence Center in Upper Nyack, New York, often used to dump kids in this place, whether they were truly mentally ill or not. Even if you weren’t sent there, they’d always use the threat of that place looming over the heads of the kids just to keep them from making any decisions on their own.

  16. interrogatethem Avatar
    interrogatethem

    One thing that is unfortunate is that if you are transferred there, you lose your New York City residence status. RPC has a deal with Bellevue that if Bellevue decides not to discharge you, you can’t go to Manhattan State unless you have a drug problem.

    As for some of the oversight agencies – specifically CQC -they think the “residents” have nothing better to do with their time than to lodge false charges against the staff. Many of the residents have suffered injuries due to the violence of the staff. I have only seen this addressed once, when it was taken to a lawyer, and the bruises were visible. As for me, I was shoved onto a mattress where a worker put his knee in my spine, and put so much weight on it that I couldn’t breathe. “Safety” (Rockland’s own security guards) were right outside the door, looking the other way. This injury has never healed, and when I presented the staff with a bill from a chiropractor that documented the injury, the response was, “The statute of limitations has run out.”

    Again, when you bring up anything to the CQC that the staff does, the staff, of course, will cover their as***, and the agency will say it’s a matter of credibility. The staff has claimed that they like it when the residents call the CQC, because they end up getting time off.

    I understand that James Bopp, the former Executive Director, has moved on. When he was in charge, it seemed like his primary purpose was to exploit the finances of those who ended up there. He would often run a “Statement of Net Worth”. As for me, I had an SSD case suspended pending a new representative payee — they made themselves the payee, and when I asked to be taken to the Social Security office to protest this matter, RPC refused to take me. They kept the majority of accumulated benefits to pay themselves, and kept me there until they could milk every last dollar from Social Security that they could.

    After i was discharged into the community and found out there was nothing in Social Security left for me to live on, I contacted RPC several times and told them that if they did not release the money, that I would end up homeless. They didn’t, I did, and ended up back there.

    I am very sensitive to all types of psychotropic medication, and despite one of the medical directors being aware of that fact, they insisted that I take these drugs anyway. At medication time, I was often under personal attack from the staff that I am only taking “one drug”. Other seem to get an array of what appeared to be about 8 or 9 different medications – often spoon-fed with applesauce to make sure they can shove it down their throats.

    Although ECT is alive and well at Rockland (I’ve never seen anybody actually benefit from it), it seems like they just want to profit by putting expensive medication into unwitting residents. Not only do they constantly inject medication to control people (it doesn’t calm them down – it only shuts them up), but the effects of being there long-term causes “institutionalization” in one’s head. For me, it totally knocked out my insides, which took a long time to get back.

    Also the mentality of some of the staff and the focus on physical appearance (mind you, the residents are all coming from other facilities) make Hollywood seem like a place of depth and substance.

    Hope this place closes pronto.

  17. Cree Avatar
    Cree

    Wow. These pictures bring back a lot of memories. My mother began working there in the 60’s and worked there for over 30 years. There was a point when the employees also lived on the grounds. Some of the buildings were strictly employee housing. Many people migrating from the south were able to find work and housing at RPC.

    I have had several family members work and retire from RPC. I have family members that still work there. I did my internship there back in the 90’s. I remember when Clara Taylor (a therapy aide) was beaten to death by a patient. I feared for my mother after that. When I travel back to Rockland County and sometimes even NYC, I see some of my mom’s old patients and they come and hug me, calling me little sister. My mom used to bring some of them home for family gatherings, take some shopping and out to dinner.

    Orange is the New Black is filmed there now. I was also told that they are transitioning and the new facility will now house the most dangerous criminally insane individuals.

  18. Jack Redding Avatar
    Jack Redding

    I remember the stories my mother told me of being committed to Rockland State Hospital. My grandfather had been an abuser of his children. My mother was raped by him, beaten, and constantly belittled, and abused. She approached her mother at about 8 years old and looked to her, to rescue her from the abuse. Her mother who’s only support was her husband looked at her with great fear, and anger and called her a liar. She ran away from home a number of times and was brought back time, and time again by the police and beaten over and over. She stole money to be able to hide out in the movie theatre to stay late until my grandfather had fallen asleep where she would slip back into the house late at night hoping not to awaken the monster that abused her. At age 9 her parents had talked with a social worker and they put together a story accusing my mother of being a liar and a troubled child. The social worker convinced them to make her a ward of the state where she was interned or imprisioned in the Rockland State Hospital. Upon entering into her ward or cottage as they called them (3 cottages for girls, and 3 for boys) she was not let out of the building for the next year. Never to walk on a play ground or feel grass underneath her feet, seemed to bring a feeling of helplessness and anger at the world. The staff seemed very distant and uncaring. More like babysitters, or prison guards, who had many forms of punishment for those who got out of line and became discipline problems. It was more like being a prisoner of war than just going to prison. The punishments she received were being stripped, and put into an ice bath, or ice sheets, a very dehumanizing punishment. Many times she was put into isolation, A small room with a single bed where you barely could put your feet to the floor on the side of the bed, and a toilet (no sink or bath). The window had bars on the outside but you couldn’t see out since the window was frosted. The door was split at the middle and had no window, only a slot that opened at the center to place a meal for the patient. There were no books to read or anything to do in there . More or less days spent staring at the walls and ceiling and being alone with ones thoughts. Electroshock therapy as it was called, was one of the more severe punishments where the patients were taken out and later came back confused and crying. Some had memory lapses of what had happened that day, and some couldn’t remember their own names, but eventually after a few hours returned to somewhat a normal state, although they seemed different, in that they withdrew from the others for a while. Their were stories, and threats of the most severe cases being labotomized although she never personally witnessed this punishment. It was a fear of many there. For the most part she felt that most of the girls in her ward were like her. Not mental patients with some mental problem but more just abused children that were discarded by family’s looking to get rid of the problem they created. As for her relationship with the other girls,, she says their was a social order determined by how tough you were. At night when the staff locked the patients in and they disappeared, the challenges of position thru fights in the cottage would begin. My mother participated in a few of these fights and she had obtained the fourth position but decided not to bring challenge any further to the top three girls. Not that she would have lost but she felt she didn’t need to go further than she had. After a visit from her grandmother, her grandmother seeing the conditions there and being in fear of her granddaughters life there, went to my mothers parents and demanded them to get her out. For a time she stayed with her grandmother who tried to give her some peace from the life of hell she had been victimized in for so long. When my mother and father met she was a bitter and angry person and her father even told her she was too guy for anyone to care about her. Truthfully she was no at all ugly but was made to feel worthless and it took years before her life became stable in her mind, and she was able to forgive those who abused her, although the scars are still on the inside, and out.

    1. Carol Avatar
      Carol

      I was there in 1970-71 and my experiences are identical to your mo m’s. I was 15. When was she there and what was here first name? I am Carol. I hope she is well now.

  19. Janice Avatar
    Janice

    The area with the fire escape was offices. The psychiatrists, psychologists and secretaries had offices on the wings and the wards were in the main hallways. The secretaries would use the fire escapes to run paperwork up and down, to avoid the wards. It was my first job out of high school in 1977 and I did the histories on the new admissions and took dictation from the psychiatrists on patients. Some job.

  20. John Avatar
    John

    what did the kids do to be lockup in a mental institution like rockland state hospital.

    1. Carol Avatar
      Carol

      Mostly behavior problems and mental diagnoses. However, sitting in a chair all day drugged up so they’d be manageable was nothing short of neglect. P